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Even before pregnancy, diet plays an important role in the development of the female body in a normal and healthy birth. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to pelvic inflammatory distortion when the normal delivery of the child would be difficult. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to infertility and a history of each diet would deplete reserves of nutrients in the body, giving rise to infertility and reduction of nutrients to the fetus.
A diet of nutrients. Nutrients are classified as macro requires highvolumes and micro-enterprises needed in small quantities. Macro-nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins and fats (lipids). Micro-nutrients include vitamins and minerals. Another important product of a diet is water. Water is needed in large quantities to support metabolism, which occurs in an aqueous environment.
Bread, cereals and potatoes contain carbohydrates, non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), water, vitamins and minerals.
It is important to have an appropriate amount in the diet ofthe following reasons:
Carbohydrates provide energy, which is important for all metabolic processes in the body, including mechanical movement, respiration, growth, repair, metabolism, DNA replication, vision, movement in the body and maintain homeostasis (constant internal body balance with constant pressure , body temperature, respiration, heart rate).
Glucose (separation of carbohydrates) is also needed for brain cells and the central nervous systemsystem.
NSPs (fiber) is particularly important in a diet, because they act as roughage or bulk. NLP is not digestible and therefore through the digestive system. But the rise in most of the food, it goes through the system faster than when NSPs were not digested. NSPs safe food is no longer in contact with the intestinal lining for a longer period, which may have serious health effects, including cancer.
Meat, fish,legumes contain protein, water, minerals and vitamins, NSPs (in pulses) and lipids.
Proteins exist in two states, fibrous and spherical.
Fibrous proteins have a structural role, such as tendons, ligaments, hair growth and structure. Globular proteins such as enzymes, making the cell metabolism to occur, to help our immune system by producing antibodies against disease and support for the transport, fighting both inside and outside cellular. They also work as hormones and growth and recovery of the bodytissue and blood clots. Too much protein in our diet, is removed as waste, too little protein in our diet can lead to muscular dystrophy and diseases such as Kwashiorkor and Marasmus.
Protein is 12-18% body mass.
Milk and dairy products contain protein, fats, water, vitamins and minerals.
Fat and sugar provide carbohydrates, water, fats, minerals and vitamins.
Lipids are broken down into glycerol (an additional source of glucose) andfatty acids, including essential fatty acids.
The fatty acids are essential components of body cells, especially in the formation of cell membranes. Lack of fatty acids may affect blood pressure, thrombosis and homeostasis. Excess fat can be stored in body fat and can lead to obesity and health problems. Although many obesity is a consequence of specific gene variation that will be discussed in more detail in a furtherarticle.
Lipids provide concentrated energy and can be stored for later use. Fat can store and transport fat soluble vitamins A, D, E, K. Fats are the building blocks of cells and signaling molecules. The myelin sheath surrounding neurons consists of lipids. Intake of fat also reduces hunger pains for a long period.
Fruit and vegetables contain carbohydrates, NSPs, vitamins and minerals. They are a very important source of NSP, especially when the skinfruit or vegetables are eaten. NSPs are essential in a diet for the reasons mentioned in bread, cereals and potatoes.
Vitamins are organic compounds that occur as a fat-soluble and water soluble. They are important for signaling by the gene that encodes the free radicals and antioxidants to absorb (random free electrons), so many diseases like cancer. The free radicals can be included in the dietary intake of food or by pollution.
Minerals are one groupof inorganic chemical elements that are components of cells and tissues are used in homeostasis, communication between cells and is a component of important molecules, including some hormones.
Water is necessary for all metabolic processes occurring in an aqueous environment. Food processing begins in the mouth, with teeth used to cut, tear, chew and grind the material into smaller particles in readiness for digestion.
However, the process of digestion begins longbefore the food in your mouth. Anticipation, smell and appearance of food given the brains release hormones that cause hunger pangs and cause the release of saliva start the digestion.
Food is processed by ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination.
The digestive tract is a long tube from mouth to anus.
Our food is processed into smaller pieces of the teeth and mixed with saliva from the salivary glands that the moist food easier to transportand contains enzymes that begin to break down carbohydrates. Food (bolus) transported to the esophagus by peristalsis (rhythmic muscular movement).
Bolus in the stomach and mixes with additional enzymes in the stomach, pancreas and liver that breaks down carbohydrates through smaller sugar molecules, proteins are broken down into smaller peptide chains. Hydrochloric acid is produced by the stomach and kills any unwanted protein breakdownmicro-organisms.
This mixture (Chyme) in the small intestine, where the lipids are degraded to glycerol and fatty acids, proteins are degraded to amino acids, disaccharides are broken down into glucose. Absorption occurs mostly in the small intestine. Of glucose and amino acids are transported through the villi and micro villi of the small intestine epithelium in the blood capillaries. Fatty acids and glycerol are transported through the villi and micro villi tomilk containers transported through the lymphatic system, blood vessels.
The digested material in the colon. The material is fully liquid and water is absorbed through the epithelial wall of the colon. Symbiotic, anaerobic microbial activity takes place in the intestine. Bacteria complete degradation of all contained materials. Some bacteria synthesize vitamins, like all other minerals are absorbed by the intestine into the blood system. Gas (hydrogen, carbon dioxideand methane) is produced by the bacteria spread by the wind. The waste is eliminated as faeces, which consists of fibers, dead and live bacteria, epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, fatty acids and mucus from the colon lining.
Ahh! The smell of food, appearance, and finally taste. We begin to feel hungry, build saliva in your mouth ready for the first part of the digestive system – intake. And so begins the journey of food from mouth to anus, thedistribution and assimilation of nutrients for health and fitness. As William Shakespeare wrote in Macbeth, "Now good digestion wait on appetite. and health on both!"